Iron History

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02/13/2002 Entry: "Iron History Feb 15-21, 2002"

The original purpose of this column was to offer calendar-related bits of history. Usually, more information will be given on the birthdate of a given lifter. Some readers have asked for more fully expanded stories, and fewer blurbs. I will try to accomodate that request, but for the next few weeks will be concentrating on explaining in detail the results of my investigation into Thomas Inch and his dumbells. We will entertain a Q & A section if you wish. My time is limited but if the info is handy in my files I will offer an answer simple questions. By that I mean that questions such as: "Who was the second lifter to set a clean and jerk record on a rainy day in Paris after having just healed from a cut lip." will not be entertained. Thanks!

NEWS: George Eiferman, Mr. America 1948 and IFBB Mr. Universe 1962 passed away on Tuesday, February 12, 2002 at 6:30 pm. Memorial and funeral service will be held Friday, February 15, 2002 with burial at Veteran's Cemetery in Boulder City, Nevada. George had lived in recent years with his ex-wife Bonita who tended to him as his heart problems worsened. I met George at Bonita's house in Las Vegas and George was inducted into the Weider Bodybuilding Hall of Fame in the February 2000 issue of FLEX. George was a wonderful person, a champion bodybuilder, and an ambassador for the sport who literally drove all over the 49 contiguous states speaking to assemblies of high school students. His smile was a perfect match for his sense of humor which never left him. George was born on November 3, 1925.

Feb 15, 1861
Martin 'Farmer' Burns the famous wrestler born; died 2-9-37

Feb 15, 1887
Charles A. Sampson in Detroit backlifted a canon

Feb 15, 1892
Eugen Sandow bent pressed 269 lbs right hand on a barbell consisting of several various weights hanging from it on a chain.

Feb 15, 1902
George Hackenschmidt did 50 reps in the Hack squat with 110.25 lbs and did a crucifix with 90.25 lbs in his right hand and 89-1/8 lbs in his left hand.

Feb 15, 1933
Weightlifting exhibition staged in Harrisburg, PA., by the York team. Dick Bachtell, who had totaled 555 in the Olympics, and 572 in the Nationals, managed a personal best of 601.5 total for the press, snatch, and clean and jerk.

Feb 15, 1941
The Mr. New York City contest included two facts not seen in current summaries: Each contestant's address and measurements. Winner Frank Leight, aka Frank Stepanek, had his arms measured at 17" by Jack Carton. Take a tape measuring tape to a current bodybuilding show and ask for proof of claimed measurement and see how huge brutish men become painfully shy...

Feb 15, 1942
British weightlifter Jim Halliday becomes a P.O.W. on this date.

Feb 15, 1944
Joe Douglas Dube born in Altha, Florida. His best official olympic lifts would later be: Press 464.75, Snatch 369.25, C&J 473.75, Total 1300.25

Feb 15, 1948
Alan J. Paul born. He has worked on several bodybuilding magazines. The Bodybuilder, Muscle & Bodybuilding, Muscle Up, Sleek Physique, Muscular Development (Mar 1989-Apr 1996). Is now involved in other publishing ventures.

Feb 15, 1953
Peter B. Cortese one hand deadlifted 359.5 lbs at 117 lbs bodyweight. IRON GRIP, David Horne's grip magazine featured Cortese in the Jan 2002 issue.

Feb 15, 1955
One of the nicer ladies in bodybuilding, and a former powerlifting champion, Bev Francis, was born. A warm-hearted lady of class.

Feb 15, 1969
Mr. Muscles: 1. Joe Sasso Feb 15, 1969 Mr. Hercules: 1. Len Bosland Feb 15, 1969 Mr. Denver: 1. Roger Long

Feb 16, 1897
Robert B. Snyder born. Was a pupil of Alan Calvert. His article on the 'Tiger Bend' prompted Sig Klein to train until he mastered the feat. Later Klein would defeat Synder in lifting, but Sig always spoke highly of Snyder who died Sep 17, 1978.

Feb 16, 1936
John Grimek bent pressed the 209 lb. Rolandow dumbell. The whereabouts of this bell remains a mystery. The Rolandow barbell is in the York Barbell Hall of Fame, but the dumbell has vanished. Any leads to it will be appreciated. A suggestion to those who have not yet visited the York Barbell Hall of Fame: it may be a good idea to visit soon...while it exists...

Feb 16,___
Lonnie Teper, writer for Ironman magazine. Lonnie declined to tell me his birth year. Teper began writing in various magaziones with the following issues: Sports Fitness, April 1985; Muscular Development, December 1987; Flex, September 1984; Muscle & Fitness February 1984. His current News & Views column began in January 1987. He also emcees many bodybuilding shows.

Feb 16, 1984
Walter Podolak 'The Golden Superman' died. Was known as a wrestler and lifter, but competed in the 1975 WBBG Pro Mr. America Over 60 and won it.He was born in either Aug or Sep on either the 18th or 19th in 1909. (Have found both dates)

Feb 17, 1917
Joe Nordquest on back with barbell, bridge 388 lbs using no belly toss. This surpassed Saxon's 386, though the 19" diameter plates Joe used made the lift easier to get into position with than the 11" diameter plates Saxon used.

Feb 17, 1934
Harry Good weighing 172 lbs performed a two hands any how of 300 (301.5) in York, PA., at the gym on a usual Saturday gathering. He lifted 230 lbs with two hands, transferred the bell to one hand, reached down and grabbed a 71.5 lbs kettlebell and pressed it overhead for the lift.

Feb 17, 1940
John Grimek Continentaled 320 lbs and then pressed it.

Feb 17, 1968
James Morris won Mr. Eastern Shores

Feb 17, 1968
Ed Corney won Mr. Northern California. Corney is the man about whom Schwarzenegger says in the movie PUMPING IRON, "Now, THAT'S what I call posing."

Feb 17, 1968
The third annual Mr. Denver was won by Dennis Yahlich

Feb 18, 1892
Louis Cyr jerked with two hands, 301 lbs.

Feb 18, 1895
Karl Abs died. He was NOT named for his best bodypart! For reasons other than forearms and legs, Abs reminded Prof. Desbonnet of the Frenchman Apollon. Abs was only age 43 when he died of typhoid fever. Unfortunately, legend replaced facts after he died, and he has been credited with inflated capabilities, although he MAY have been the first GERMAN to Continental and jerk 330 lbs. He was born Sep 12 (or 17th?),1851.

Feb 18, 1962
Julie Strain born. Though more recently known for some of her Andy Sidaris movies, she was featured in Natural Bodybuilding magazine in the early 1980s and placed 5th at the Ms. Natural America. To my knowledge, her last appearance in the bodybuilding mags was March 1984 when she modeled some fashions for STRENGTH TRAINING for BEAUTY magazine.

Feb 18, 1968
The inaugural WBBG [World Body Building Guild] Testimonial Dinner was staged and Sig Klein was honored at the Granada Hotel in NYC. Bob Russell was the emcee.

Feb 19, 1892
Louis Cyr tried to bent press 273.25 lbs in London, but the bell touched his leg (which in a contest was a disqualification).

Feb 19, 1898
Ernest Edwin Coffin was born in Terra Haute, IN. Became knowledgeable about Eugen Sandow and wrote about him in YOUR PHYSIQUE from Aug 1944 to Aug 1946 in a dozen articles. Before that he wrote about Sandow in THE SUPERMAN in 1939 and 1940. He also became quite a Sandow collector before dying June 28, 1954.

Feb 19, 1960
Thwarted date for Paul Anderson's boxing debut. Both Anderson's boxing and wrestling careers were very short-lived.

Feb 19, 1968
George Hackenschmidt died; born 8-2-1878. We will say more about Hack on Aug 2 later this year.

Feb 20, 1900
Tom Pevier right hand clean and bent press of 220. 5 lbs at the London Weightlifting Club 9, Argyle Street.

Feb 20, 1960
Doug Hepburn, whom Peary Rader suspected was the match of if not the superior to, Paul Anderson in upper body strength, pressed 423 lbs in Everett, WA. at a bodyweight of about 285 lbs.

Feb 20, 1967
My friend Bryan Frederick and I were at the Arnold Classic some years ago. In a restaurant having breakfast, we noticed Bill Pearl and went up to introduce ourselves. Bill had, many years ago, responded to a letter to Bryan's brother offering training tips, and Bryan reminded Bill of that. Frankly, Bill had done this so many times for so many people that he did not recall this specific letter, but Bryan's brother had never forgotten the kindness. Another person who is well acquainted with Bill's pleasant side is Judy, his wife, and they were married 35 years ago today.

Feb 20, 1971
Mr. Pacific Coast: 1. Chuck Amato

Feb 20, 1986
Jason Horne born to David Horne and Marie Davies. Jason is on track to follow in his father's hand strength lineage.

Feb 21, 1898
Arthur Saxon was performing on this date at the Grand Music Hall, Sheffield, Yorkshire, England. Saxon at this time was 19 years old, and he had issued a world wide challenge to anyone to compete against him in strength, and he took care to mention Eugen Sandow by name. A challenge Sandow would suddenly accept about a week later. More on this in next week's Iron History.

Feb 21, 1933
Hermann Goerner performed a snatch with 220.50 lbs using only the thumb and little finger of each hand. Grab hold of a broom handle using this grip and have someone pull against you. This was an incredible feat! Try to deadlift this much using this grip.

INCH 101: Part 2 Hengler's Circus/Apollon/Padoubny and the 172 Challenge Dumbell.

CONFUSION: So much conflicting information has has been written about Thomas Inch and his 172 lb challenge dumbell that the amount of inconsistency is almost baffling. For the same incident, details vary in important nuances. Those readers aware of only one or two accounts may have found consistency among details, but those who have read accounts spanning decades will find it harder to untangle than Crystal Gayle's hair in a wind storm.

Thomas Inch retold the story of his 172 in the American magazine Strength & Health in May 1939: After he left the bell at Hengler's Circus in London, "I did not go near the place for two weeks when I visited again with my friend Arthur Saxon, whose idea it was, and we asked who wanted the L200." It so happens that the wrestling championships going on at the time at Hengler's also offered a first place prize of L200. Inch continues his story indicating that some of the other wrestlers had also tried, "With one accord they all said no one could lift the d--d thing and invited me to try, which I did, carrying the bell out of the arena to a waiting hansom cab outside." [no overhead lift, and this would have been the perfect time to demonstrate to the wrestling community that even though none of them could get the bell off the floor, Inch could put it over his head. That did not happen.]

As an example of misinformation, look at Norman Miller's account of this same occasion when Thomas Inch left the 172 at Hengler's Circus, London, as recounted in Strength & Health magazine April 1936, starting on page 11.

Miller wrote that Inch "had a very neat little dumbell of 250 pounds or so, with a handle so thick "that no one but Inch could lift it". Actually Inch had another bell which weighed 153. But that is not the bell that was left at Hengler's. So even if the 250 was a typo for 153, the wrong bell was being described.

Miller wrote that "With Hengler's Circus, the famous Continental show that was visiting London at the time, was Ivan Padoubny..." Hengler's Circus was not a travelling, visiting, circus, it was stationed in London. Years earlier other cities also had housed a Hengler's Circus branch. Ivan Padoubny was not 'with Hengler's'- he was competing in the Titan's Tournament wrestling championship that was taking place at the Hengler's permanent location.

Miller wrote that Inch left the dumbell, implying a 250 pound dumbell, with Padoubny for Ivan to try to lift. But Inch left the 172 pound bell.

Miller wrote that Inch and Arthur Saxon returned to Hengler's later that same day to see how Ivan had handled the bell. Ivan had not moved the bell off the floor, so Miller writes that Inch picked it up with one hand and walked away. "Needless to say Ivan was a bit surprised and indeed so was Saxon." Really? Why was Saxon surprised? According to Inch, Arthur had seen Inch lift the bell many times. Futher, according to Inch, Arthur himself had tried for years but could never lift the bell. Inch walked to a waiting vehicle, so however far this farmer's walk with the 172 was to that vehicle, it must have been an impressive feat. If it happened.

One more factor: We know that Inch presented his 172 to a London audience for the first time on April 20, 1907, which fits the scenario. This was the day that Inch defeated Caswell in lifting. Perhaps Inch introduced the 172 elsewhere- though I can find no reference to that happening- but we know that April 20, 1907 was the first time the bell was shown to the public in London. And one other important point about which almost no one with any lifting knowledge or experience will argue (hopefully): Any lifter can clean much more on a standard diameter bar than on a 2.38" diameter bar. One of the lifts contested was a Two Hands Clean and Bent Press. Inch managed 235 pounds, and failed with 271. Now, on the ONE HAND CLEAN and bent press, Inch managed 203.5 pounds. As anyone with any experience at thick handled lifting will tell you, if you can clean only 203.5 on a standard (1") bar, there is no way you can clean 172 pounds on a 2.38" bar. (assuming you have average sized hands; and Inch claimed smaller than average). Probably no way you can clean 140 pounds on a 2.38" bar. So if Inch lifted the 172 on this occasion, it was a one hand deadlift, not a clean, and the contemporary accounts say nothing about a clean, or an overheading of the bell, just that he 'lifted' it. Inch claimed to have invented the one hand deadlift at about the time World War I began, so perhaps that's why the thick handled bells were described only as being 'lifted'. Notice please, not 'lifted overhead'. The bell was 'picked up' and carried at Hengler's.

APOLLON/PADOUBNY: Thomas Inch wrote in Health & Strength magazine in the January 28, 1922 issue about Apollon: "When I met him he was past his best..." So when would that have been? Apollon was born January 21, 1862 and David Willoughby, the noted iron historian asserts that Apollon was at his best from 1889 to 1892. Terry Todd, another noted historian offers 1889 to 1897. So, it's fair to say that anytime after 1897 would place Apollon 'past his best'. So let's jump ahead 11 more senior years...

In 1908 three dates become important: February 10, 12, and 18. At that time there was a wrestling championship taking place at Hengler's and both Padoubny and Apollon were there. On Monday the tenth, they wrestled each other to no decision. On Wednesday the twelth Padoubny defeated Apollon, or so the judges called it, but Apollon and many in the audience raised very loud objections, and Apollon withdrew from the tournament. So it was decided that on the following Tuesday, February the 18th that, separate from the tournament, a re-match between Padoubny and Apollon would take place. Again 36 year-old Padoubny defeated 46 year-old Apollon at the Titans' Tournament. Was Apollon 'past his best'?

So near as I can determine, the 172 was not manufactured until 1906 (contrary to popular understanding), so sometime between April 20, 1907 and December 26, 1910 was the Padoubny incident. I have been unable to ascertain whether Hengler's Circus was remodeled and then renamed the London Palladium, or whether Hengler's was razed then replaced by the Palladium. In either case, we must backdate from December 26, 1910 (The opening day as the London Palladium) to allow time for either remodelling or for new construction, so it may be that the window for the Padoubny incident was from after April 20, 1907 to, say, the end of 1909.

So this was the occasion when Inch left the 172 for Padoubny to try. February 1908, when Padoubny tried to lift the bell. Why didn't Apollon try- his 9" long hands and massive strength would have toyed with the bell- as he had toyed with heavier, thick bells?

SPORTING NEWS: SPORTING CHANCE: Some of the information above was from the SPORTING NEWS, a British publication, and a friend sent to me the accounts of the times, which I am reading about 94 years after Thomas Inch probably read those same accounts. It is my belief that Inch read the report, or otherwise became informed of the fact that Apollon had dropped out of the tournament after Wednesday's loss, (and would therefore not be on hand at Hengler's). So I am guessing that Inch took the bell to Hengler's probably Feb 13th or 14th and either left it for the day, or a week as one account says, or for two weeks as another account says. I suspect one day because we know that Apollon returned about a week later and nothing stimulated his strength energy like being told he could not lift something- plus it would have been a way to show superiority over Padoubny. Also Arthur Saxon was performing his strongman show at Hengler's and his show was reviewed on February 22 and mentioned as 'the other night' The wrestling did not begin until 10pm, so Saxon's show was earlier in the evening as part of the program called The Grand Circus Programme. One suspects that Inch would have gone to see Saxon's performance at least once, but how would that fit into the scenario Inch claims about not going near Hengler's for two weeks?

Another possibility is that Inch took the bell to Hengler's after the match on the 18th, if Apollon was to no longer be on hand for the remainder of the wrestling tournament. This would allow for the one week or two week period for the bell to be left. On March 13 Saxon was in Brussels, and I do not know how long he had been there. So, the bell had to be retrieved by Inch and Saxon before then. But we can confidently place this event between Feb 13 and March 13, 1908, for the reasons given above. And my conclusion is probably Feb 13 or 14, for one day only.

Other world class wrestler's were at Hengler's for the tournament, and though Inch does not mention them by name, one wonders if any of them tried to lift the bell. Names such as Giovanni, Hansen, Woldt, Steadman, de la Calmette, Hints, Schoot, Cameron, and Mahmoud were there for that tournament according to SPORTING NEWS. Perhaps it is to these men he refers in his May 1939 Strength & Health article.

If the Inch 172 was not manufactured until, so near as I can determine, about 1906. Inch had previously mastered a regular 100 pound dumbell with normal size handle and ordered another to weigh about 50 lbs more. [again another account says that he mastered a regular dumbell that weighed 140 lbs before he ordered a 'much heavier bell'. But 153 is hardly much heavier than 140 in strongman terms, so he mastered the 100. This is supported by his other abilities in other lifting accounts at the time. Plus, had he mastered the 140 and ordered a bell about 50 lbs heavier, we would have a 190, which never existed.]

JUGGLING BELLS: Many have assumed this was the bell that ended up weighing 153, but in fact it was the 140 pound bell. We know that Inch's inaugural thick handled bell led to the famous unliftable (172) being manufactured later. And since it took Inch 5 years to master the 140 bell, that takes us to 1902 when according to Inch who then weighed only 140 lbs, he could put the 140 lb thick handled bell overhead with one hand. Really? In 1902 when he won Britain's Strongest Youth he could one hand clean and bent press 130 pounds- so are we to believe that he could clean the heavier thick handled 140 at that time? Again, if he lifted the 140, it was what we would now term to be a one hand deadlift.

Also Inch said in MUSCLEMAN magazine in August 1953 that as he grew older and heavier he had other bells (plural) made which were thick handled. If the 153 and the 172 followed the 140, we have the plural explained. But if the 153 was the first bell then what other bell over 153 was there that we don't know about?

W.A. Pullum, writing in Health & Strength magazine on July 10, 1952 recounts how the first bell was made, which keep in mind, Inch said was a 'mistake' with the thick handle. Pullum writes: "He commissioned a local foundry to cast him a solid thick-handled dumbell, giving his own specifications as to size and weight." Inch ordered a thick handled bell and gave specs! It was no accident. Unable to lift the heavy bell at the time of its manufacture in 1897, Inch then suggested to the foundryman that the balls be made smaller, but was informed that was not an option. "He was then in turn advised to have the diameter of the grip reduced to get over the difficulty that way, but to this he was not agreeable, as it was EXACTLY the THICKNESS HE WANTED". [emphasis mine]

Contrast the above paragraph with what Inch had written in Strength & Health in May 1939: "So you will see I had some fun with my bell, made entirely by accident when I was a boy". Inch then adds regarding the design and specs of the bell, "The foreman at the iron factory worked things out for himself." Inch then misleadingly refers to this first thick-handled bell, "That was how the Inch challenge dumbell came into being and it was very many years before I could lift the bell myself. I often thought it was going to prove impossible." In fact this was the first of his challenge bells but not the one that ultimately became famous as THE challenge bell. As a matter of fact when Inch began holding competitions circa 1929/1930 using this same 140 bell it was referred to as the COMPETITION bell, and because several men were able to bring it to the shoulder with two hands and then put it overhead with one hand for REPS, Inch adamantly insisted that this was NOT his famous challenge bell. His trickery had returned to haunt him.

A side point. When Inch referred to how long the 172 had been offered up for a challenge, the time span is too long. But certainly, if men failed with the 140 or the 153 then there was no chance for them to succeed with the 172, so his point, though misleading as to how long the 172 was offered, is valid in regard to the strength levels needed to lift it.

Pullum goes on to explain how Inch eventually overheaded that bell: "...he could raise the bell in one straight pick up to 'end on' rest at top of the thigh. From where, to take it to the shoulder was easy, to put it then overhead, easier still". So Inch used a Continental method, allowing the bell to rest on his thigh, after a deadlift to the knee probably, then kneeling down and shifting the bell higher on the thigh where leg thrust could help raise the bell upon standing. Remember that the British form of deadlifting in those days allowed for a bar rest above the knee, then a repositioning of the body. And please notice that Pullum does not say that Inch used only one hand for the Continental. Indeed, even Inch never claimed to lift his heavy, thick handled bells using only one hand until MUCH LATER, and a photo appearing in Health and Strength on December 21, 1929 page 725 is captioned: "Many readers wish to know how Inch gets his heavy dumbbells to the shoulder. This photograph reveals the secret- a weight-lifting position never before illustrated." The photo shows Inch using two hands to the shoulder in a Continental as his torso is leaning back. Why, by the way, if Inch had demonstrated lifting his heavy dumbells all those years would readers not already be aware of his technique? And why has there NEVER been a photo of Inch with the 172? Circa 1913 Inch had claimed that 2,000 men had failed to lift the challenge (172) bell, and he used to claim that he lifted that bell twice nightly during performances. Would not the word have spread among lifting fans who had witnessed this and told their gym buddies? The fact is, as another researcher said to me, it is surprising how SELDOM Inch and his 172 are mentioned during the very times the bell was supposedly so famous. I also have noticed this. It was not until decades later, when other men began to deadlift the 172, that Inch introduced the idea that he had always done the lift with one hand all the way to overhead.

[In fact, the number of strongmen in those days was not 2,000. Certainly it would be expected that 2,000 'average people' would fail to lift such an heavy object. Indeed, once word spread that men such as Padoubny failed to lift the bell off the floor, what sense would it have made for the average man to even try, except for the conversational "Man, I don't see how ANYONE can lift that bell" aspect?]

Inch knew that even if Padoubny could defeat the aging Apollon in wrestling he most certainly could not outlift him, so in my opinion, Inch carefully selected the window of time to offer Padoubny a chance at the 172. All of this depends on whether Padoubny appeared in a wrestling tournament at Hengler's Circus at some other time than in the 1907 to 1909 period, a situation I have not been able to determine. But also required is Saxon's presence at the time Padoubny was at Hengler's. Right after this incident Saxon turned age 30 (April 28, 1908). But before that the bridge mishap with Saxon in Brussels had happened on March 13, 1908. Then in 1909 Saxon began his first tour of performances in the USA, and so far as I have been able to determine was not in England coincidentally with Padoubny after that. So, it appears to me that the Titan's Tournament in February 1908 was the correct time to place this incident where all factors fit.

next week: More on the 172 and Edward Aston and John Marx.

Your input is welcomed. Can any British residents help with dates regarding the circumstances of Hengler's becoming the Palladium? Or any details of how far a walk it would have been from the wrestler's dressing rooms to a vehicle waiting outside?